Search results for "Bragg peak"

showing 9 items of 9 documents

The Proton-Boron Reaction Increases the Radiobiological Effectiveness of Clinical Low- and High-Energy Proton Beams: Novel Experimental Evidence and …

2021

Protontherapy is a rapidly expanding radiotherapy modality where accelerated proton beams are used to precisely deliver the dose to the tumor target but is generally considered ineffective against radioresistant tumors. Proton-Boron Capture Therapy (PBCT) is a novel approach aimed at enhancing proton biological effectiveness. PBCT exploits a nuclear fusion reaction between low-energy protons and 11B atoms, i.e. p+11B→ 3α (p-B), which is supposed to produce highly-DNA damaging α-particles exclusively across the tumor-conformed Spread-Out Bragg Peak (SOBP), without harming healthy tissues in the beam entrance channel. To confirm previous work on PBCT, here we report new in-vitro data obtained…

Cancer ResearchProtonmedicine.medical_treatmentSobpBragg peakBSH030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRadioresistancemedicineIrradiationRC254-282Original Researchprotontherapycancer cell killingChemistryalpha-particleNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensProton-Boron ReactionRadiation therapyCell killingchromosome aberrationsOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCancer researchproton-boron (B) fusion-enhanced proton therapy (PBFEPT)chromosome aberrationBeam (structure)Frontiers in Oncology
researchProduct

Opaline Hydrogels: Polycrystalline Body-Centered-Cubic Bulk Material with an in Situ Variable Lattice Constant

2007

Opaline hydrogels were produced as a polycrystalline bulk material with a body-centered-cubic (bcc) structure by immobilization of self-ordered charged colloidal particles crystallized under equilibrium conditions in a poly(acrylamide) matrix. The final size of a polycrystalline sample is about 7 cm3; a single crystal is up to several millimeters in length. The crystal size is tunable by varying the amount of photoinitiator and the hydrogel volume change due to swelling. The resulting photonic crystals are of high quality, showing high-order reflections. These hydrogels show a reversible shift of the diffraction Bragg peak wavelength depending on external conditions due to swelling or shrin…

Materials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringPhysics::OpticsBragg's lawBragg peakGeneral ChemistryCubic crystal systemCrystalCrystallographyLattice constantMaterials ChemistryCrystalliteComposite materialSingle crystalPhotonic crystalChemistry of Materials
researchProduct

Proof of multilayer structural organization in self-assembled polycation-polyanion molecular films

1994

Abstract Multilayer organization of ultrathin polycation-polyanion self-assembled films is demonstrated using two approaches. (1) Fabrication of polyion superlattices with alternation of three different polyelectrolytes in (ABCB) n fashion, which gives rise to a Bragg peak in X-ray reflectivity. The spacing d=93.4 A corresponds to the repeat unit (ABCB) n . (2) Drying-induced manipulation of the film surface at regular intervals. Normally the layer-by-layer adsorption is carried out by keeping the film wet throughout all deposition cycles. Alternatively the film surface can be manipulated by gently drying the film in a stream of nitrogen or air after the adsorption of every layer. When the …

Length scaleElectron densityFabricationMaterials scienceSuperlatticeMetals and AlloysBragg peakSurfaces and InterfacesPolyelectrolyteSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyAdsorptionMolecular filmMaterials ChemistryThin Solid Films
researchProduct

Boosting background suppression in the NEXT experiment through Richardson-Lucy deconvolution

2021

The NEXT collaboration: et al.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsIonizationPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsIonitzacióFOS: Physical sciencesdouble beta decayRichardson–Lucy deconvolutionBragg peakElectronQC770-79801 natural sciencesSignalHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)IonizationDouble beta decayNuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivitygas0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsRaigs beta -- DesintegracióInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Computational physicsdark matter and double beta decay (experiments)Beta rays -- DecayDeconvolutionEnergy (signal processing)
researchProduct

A simple expression for electronic stopping force of heavy ions in solids

2012

Abstract A simple expression for the electronic stopping force of heavy ions in solids is proposed based on an adaption of the Bohr’s classical stopping theory. A three-parameter model is constructed by using experimental data for helium, oxygen, argon, krypton and xenon ions in carbon, aluminum, nickel and gold targets at energies from 600 eV/u to 985 MeV/u. Total average agreements between the model and used experimental data are (−4.5 ± 47)% and (−1.6 ± 7.4)% at energies below and above the Bragg peak, respectively. The good overall agreement makes this model a good candidate for future development in stopping force prediction tools.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsArgonta114Kryptonchemistry.chemical_elementBragg peakBohr modelIonsymbols.namesakeNickelXenonchemistrysymbolsAtomic physicsInstrumentationHeliumNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
researchProduct

Response of Chinese Hamster V79 Multicellular Spheroids Exposed to High-Energy Carbon Ions

2004

Chinese hamster V79-379A spheroids 200 +/- 30 microm (+/- SD) in diameter were irradiated in agitated medium in different oxygen atmospheres with (1) 227 MeV/nucleon (12)C(+6) ions (plateau region) to model tissue in the entrance channel during therapy, (2) carbon ions in the extended Bragg peak modeling tissue in the target volume, or (3) X rays as a reference modality. Cell survival curves were similar for modes (1) and (3), indicating the absence of a contact effect and the presence of a pronounced oxygen effect with oxygen enhancement ratios (OERs) of 2.8 and 2.9, respectively. In contrast, the oxygen effect was substantially smaller in mode (2) with an OER of 1.4. Under normal or restr…

Cell SurvivalBiophysicsAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementApoptosisBragg peakRadiation DosageOxygenChinese hamsterCell LineIonCricetulusCricetinaeRelative biological effectivenessAnimalsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingCarbon RadioisotopesIrradiationRadiationbiologyX-RaysCell CycleSpheroidDose-Response Relationship Radiationbiology.organism_classificationOxygenchemistryAtomic physicsCarbonCell DivisionRelative Biological EffectivenessRadiation Research
researchProduct

Radiobiological characterization of human tumor cell multilayers after conventional and particle irradiation.

2006

The goal of this study was to establish planar multilayers from human tumor cells (WiDr and SiHa) as a model for irradiation of solid tumors. In addition to using conventional X rays (250 kV) as a reference standard, multilayers were tested for their suitability in cell survival studies with heavy-ion irradiation ((12)C(6+)) in the plateau and the extended Bragg peak with a scanned ion beam. Multilayers of both cell lines showed decreased survival compared to the corresponding monolayers after both X and heavy-ion irradiation. This multicellular sensitization effect is in contrast to the multicellular resistance or contact effect commonly described in the literature. Flow cytometry measurem…

Materials scienceIon beamCell SurvivalCellBiophysicsNanotechnologyBragg peakHeavy Ion RadiotherapyX-Ray TherapyRadiation DosageFlow cytometryCell Line TumorSpheroids CellularMonolayermedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIrradiationRadiationmedicine.diagnostic_testRadiobiologyDose-Response Relationship RadiationHuman tumormedicine.anatomical_structureTreatment OutcomeCell cultureBiophysicsRadiation research
researchProduct

Single- and Double-Strand Breaks of Dry DNA Exposed to Protons at Bragg-Peak Energies

2017

International audience; Ultrathin layers (<20 nm) of pBR322 plasmid DNA were deposited onto 2.5 μm thick polyester films and exposed to proton Bragg-peak energies (90–3000 keV) at various fluences. A quantitative analysis of radio-induced DNA damage is reported here in terms of single- and double-strand breaks (SSB and DSB, respectively). The corresponding yields as well as G-values and the cross sections exhibit fairly good agreement with the rare available data, stemming from close experimental conditions, namely, based on α particle irradiation. SSB/DSB rates appear to be linear when plotted against linear energy transfer (LET) in the whole energy range studied. All the data present a ma…

cross-sectionProtonPolyestersLinear energy transferBragg peak7. Clean energyclustered DNA damage030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingdamage yield03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineFragmentation (mass spectrometry)Materials ChemistryDNA Breaks Double-StrandedLinear Energy TransferDNA Breaks Single-StrandedIrradiationPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryradiochemical yieldDouble strandRange (particle radiation)DNASurfaces Coatings and Films[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]chemistry030220 oncology & carcinogenesis[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]ProtonsAtomic physicsDNAPlasmidsBragg-Peaksingle and double strand breakThe Journal of Physical Chemistry B
researchProduct

An Improved Empirical Relation to Determine the Particle Number Density of Fluid-Like Ordered Charge-Stabilized Suspensions

2001

Polystyrene as an archetypal charge-stabilized colloid model system was used in this work under well defined preparation conditions. A continuous preparation technique was used to control the suspension parameters salt concentration c and particle number density n. Measurements of n were performed using both conductivity in the completely deionized state and static light scattering. We found a significant deviation between the position of the first maximum of the static structure factor qmax=2π/L and an estimate identifying the relevant length scale L with the average inter-particle distance d¯=n−1/3. Instead, qmax was observed to follow the relation qmax=(2.20±0.03)π/d¯, which is equivalen…

Length scaleParticle numberChemistryThermodynamicsBragg peakGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterCrystalColloidCrystallographyPhase (matter)General Materials ScienceStatic light scatteringStructure factorParticle &amp; Particle Systems Characterization
researchProduct